- Главная
- Sustainable Development Goals
- Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
In Situ Urbanization Key to Leaving No One Behind
июн. 2021
Working Paper
Expanding opportunities in non-farm activities in rural areas is a key for sustainable development without “leaving no one behind”. Where the typical farmers are small landowners technology alone may not be able to help farmers escape from poverty and technical advances need to be complemented by a holistic approach.
COVID-19: How the Data and Statistical Community Stepped Up to the New Challenges
июн. 2021
Working Paper
Over the last year the data and statistical community has faced unprecedented disruptions in statistical operations and a spike in demand for data to monitor the effects of the global pandemic. Many National Statistical Offices adapted quickly to challenges raised by COVID-19 and many of them have played a major role in governments’ COVID-19 response. New partnerships have been crucial in responding to new data demands helping National Statistical Offices introduce measures that are permanently changing the statistical production process in many countries. However the pandemic has exacerbated critical funding gaps in national regional and global statistical offices making the mobilization of international and domestic resources to support data for sustainable development more urgent than ever.
Leveraging Digital Technologies for Social Inclusion
июн. 2021
Working Paper
COVID-19 is accelerating the pace of digital transformation. In so doing it is opening the opportunities for advancing social progress and fostering social inclusion while simultaneously exacerbating the risk of increased inequalities and exclusion of those who are not digitally connected.
Risk-informed Finance
июн. 2021
Working Paper
A lesson from the COVID-19 pandemic and the growing climate crisis is that development that is not risk-informed is neither inclusive nor sustainable. In light of this increasingly complex risk landscape The 2021 Financing for Sustainable Development Report calls for a risk-informed approach to sustainable finance and for investments in prevention risk reduction and resilience. Because many such investments have a public good character Governments must take the lead: incorporating risk analysis into their planning processes; overcoming ex post biases in their budgeting; aligning the private sector risk landscape with SDG risks through carbon pricing and other incentives and regulations; and advancing risk-informed development cooperation in all its forms. Ultimately all financing must be risk-informed and resilient and sufficient financing must be available for investments in risk reduction and resilience at national and global levels.
A Changing World of Work: Implications for the Social Contract
июн. 2021
Working Paper
COVID-19 has had a devastating impact on the world of work hitting labour markets that were already weak and fragile. This brief describes recent changes in the world of work and discusses their implications for the social contract. It contends that the deep long-standing employment crisis is damaging the social and economic fabric and without decisive action it may weaken support for a renewed social contract. Giving all workers a voice and ensuring decent working conditions is the only way to break the cycle of growing economic insecurity and low trust in public institutions.
Trust in Public Institutions: Trends and Implications for Economic Security
июл. 2021
Working Paper
The legitimacy of public institutions is crucial for building peaceful and inclusive societies. While levels of trust in institutions vary significantly across countries opinion surveys suggest that there has been a decline in trust in public institutions in recent decades. Economic insecurity—which the COVID-19 crisis threatens to exacerbate—and perceptions of poor or corrupt government performance undermine the social contract and are closely linked to declines in institutional trust. Rebuilding public trust in the light of the current crisis demands services that work for everyone and jobs that provide income security as well as more inclusive institutions.
What Is Encryption and Why Does It Matter for Children?
июл. 2021
Working Paper
Encryption encodes information so that it can only be read by certain people. ‘End-to-end’ is a robust form of encryption where only the users communicating can read the information. In other words third parties – such as service providers – cannot decrypt the information. It matters for children because while it protects their data and right to privacy and freedom of expression it also impedes efforts to monitor and remove child sexual abuse materials and to identify offenders attempting to exploit children online.
Digitally Enabled New Forms of Work and Policy Implications for Labour Regulation Frameworks and Social Protection Systems
сент. 2021
Working Paper
Digital transformation accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic is enabling new forms of work and new ways of organizing work. Yet due to regulatory gaps social protection gaps and weak enforcement mechanisms many workers in these new forms of work - especially in the platform economy - may be pushed into precarious employment. Labour regulations should be updated to balance flexibility with the safeguarding of labour standards workers’ protection and income security in the digital age. This requires a shift away from one-size fits-all solutions to tailor-made employment and social protection policies that consider the unique opportunities and challenges of different types of new forms of work based on better data and careful examination of the impacts of digitally enabled forms of work on society and the economy. Social protection systems need to adapt to ensure no worker is left unprotected in a future world of work transformed by digital technology.
Horizontal and Vertical Integration Are More Necessary Than Ever for COVID-19 Recovery and SDG Implementation
сент. 2021
Working Paper
By putting stress on national socio-economic systems the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed new tensions and trade-offs among policy areas and exacerbated already existing tensions. In many countries heavily affected by the pandemic this has revealed problems of lack of policy integration and policy coherence both within and across sectors as well as across levels of government. Integrated policy-making has been critical in responding effectively to the pandemic and will be paramount in post-COVID recovery to realize the Sustainable Development Goals.
Sandboxing and Experimenting Digital Technologies for Sustainable Development
дек. 2021
Working Paper
Institutions and regulators could consider investing in requisite resources and building capacities in deploying sandboxes and experiments with the medium- and long-term aims to advance agile responsive and resilient approaches in adopting new technologies and in preparing for the future of digital government and sustainable development.
Integrated National Financing Frameworks – Moving Towards Financing Policy Integration
дек. 2021
Working Paper
INFFs have an important role to play both in the immediate response to the current crisis and in rebuilding better. Integrated financing strategies can serve as a starting point for locally driven reform processes providing a foundation for action. The INFF methodology puts forward discrete steps to improve financial policymaking.
Developing a Global Transport Costs Dataset for International Trade
июн. 2022
Working Paper
This paper describes the sources and methods used for the compilation of the new Global Transport Costs Dataset on International Trade (GTCDIT) a beta version of which is publicly available on UNCTADstat. GTCDIT records bilateral international merchandise trade in value and quantity broken down by commodity group and mode of transport (air sea railway road other modes) alongside its associated transport costs for 2016. The compilation of GTCDIT has been made possible by the availability of new variables in a recent upgrade of the UN Comtrade database and of new estimates on global transport distances derived with the help of geographic information systems. To obtain global coverage the primary data on the new variables in UN Comtrade reported by some countries have been used to develop models that estimate the missing values of most other countries. As a result GTCDIT covers around 87 per cent of global trade in terms of value.
Investing in the Future of Rural Non-farm Economies
окт. 2021
Working Paper
Development strategies that focus solely on urban development and leave rural communities behind are not adequate to overcome the development challenges we face. The in-situ development of rural economies and societies must be a central objective of development if nations are to achieve the goals of the 2030 Agenda. A precondition for substantial rural transformation and growth is higher agricultural productivity and the subsequent reallocation of productive resources towards expanding the non-agricultural rural sector. A dynamic local rural economy can benefit from and complement urban growth alleviate poverty and reduce migratory pressures on growing cities. Country examples show that it is possible to accelerate in-situ development by investing in infrastructure offering educational opportunities expanding financial services and speeding up the adoption of technologies in food and non-food producing sectors. These investments help create a virtuous circle of agricultural productivity and non-agricultural development.
Policy Implications of the Disruption of the Implementation of the 2020 World Population and Housing Census Programme Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic
окт. 2021
Working Paper
Population and housing censuses are not being carried out as they were planned before the pandemic. National authorities to remain fully committed to conduct the censuses depending on national circumstances. Postponing census-taking will have adverse impact on assessing the effects of national development policies due to lack of granular census statistics in the 2020’s
Liquidity and Debt Solutions to Invest in the SDGs: The Time to Act is Now
мая 2021
Working Paper
COVID-19 has caused an extraordinary socio-economic crisis throughout the world. More than a year into the coronavirus pandemic the world is still in firefighting mode. Long-term economic scarring effects and an uneven recovery potentially leading to a sharply diverging world are also increasingly coming into focus. The severe fiscal impacts of the crisis are triggering debt distress in a growing number of countries severely limiting the ability of many countries to invest in recovery climate action and the sustainable development goals (SDGs). The purpose of this policy brief is to take stock of the global policy response since April 2020 assess remaining gaps and challenges for their implementation and propose updates to the original recommendations in light of developments over the last year.
What Triggers Economic Insecurity and Who Is Most at Risk?
июн. 2021
Working Paper
A full recovery from the pandemic crisis is not possible without addressing economic security and reducing inequality. Otherwise people and families who already faced more insecurity are likely to be excluded from the benefits of recovery. This policy brief highlights inequality in the experience of economic security focusing on the risks to livelihoods and the protections against those risks as laid out by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In recognizing the right to “security in the event of unemployment sickness disability widowhood old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond one’s control” the Universal Declaration highlights the crucial importance of economic security to everyone’s rights and well-being.
COVID-19 and Beyond: Scaling Up Private Investment for Sustainable Development
июн. 2021
Working Paper
The decisions taken by institutional investors commercial banks capital market actors and corporations have a strong impact on the magnitude and quality of private investment available for the SDGs. To scale up available private finance and investment for sustainable development it is necessary to address the incentives of the above actors through a combination of regulatory and institution/industry-specific measures. Further action is needed to better channel investment to countries and SDG-related sectors that are most in need. The development of innovative and scalable global platforms instruments and funds would be an important first step in this regard. Additionally to enhance the impact of given investment on sustainable development and to avoid green or SDG-washing it is necessary to advance industry-based standards for impact measurement and support the development and implementation of a clear set of SDG related metrics that can be integrated into existing reporting frameworks.
Accelerate Action to Revamp Production and Consumption Patterns: the Circular Economy, Cooperatives and the Social and Solidarity Economy
авг. 2021
Working Paper
Achieving sustainable development requires determined actions to revamp production and consumption patterns creating a resource-efficient and resilient post-pandemic recovery. The notion of the circular economy facilitates greater level of social and environmental sustainability by emphasizing the vision of an economic system that designs out waste and pollution keeps products and martials in use and recognizes the residual value in natural resources and post-consumption waste to regenerate the natural system. Cooperatives and other enterprises of the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) are recognized as taking a leading role in incorporating the circular economic model into their businesses and communities. More supportive measures from governments are needed to strength their contribution to accelerated progress towards the goals of the 2030 Agenda. Continued efforts to improve statistical information on the circular economy cooperatives and the wider SSE will help inform policy-making and facilitate transition to sustainable production and consumption.
Expanding Sustainable Infrastructure Investment Opportunities: Guidance for Governments and International Organizations
мая 2022
Working Paper
As developing countries pursue infrastructure projects they should aim to address a combination of the pandemic climate inequality and other crises with the right mix of economic and social infrastructure. To do this governments must invest in a national infrastructure planning process align planning with the SDGs and prioritize sustainable infrastructure over infrastructure that does not put people and the planet first. There is no silver bullet for all the challenges; however incremental changes based on innovative precedents can potentially make a difference on the ground. This paper proposes an analytical framework to consider these challenges and concludes with possible solutions.
Unrealized Potential: Female Entrepreneurship and the Digital Gender Gap in Sub-Saharan Africa
авг. 2023
Working Paper
Promoting entrepreneurship technology adoption and gender equality is essential for economic growth. However women still face significant hurdles in Africa hindering their entrepreneurial pursuits. To overcome this gender inclusive institutions are needed. This article focuses on challenges women encounter in entrepreneurship including market systems favouring men and the widening digital gender gap in sub-Saharan Africa. Recommendations are provided to empower women through entrepreneurship employment and digitalization fostering a more equal economy and improved socio-economic conditions.
No more items...