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الزراعة والتنمية الريفية والغابات
الزراعة والتنمية الريفية والغابات
The governance of Roma people in Italy: A shifting paradigm
As suggested by the sociologist Luigi Manconi Roma people1 are unpleasant to many people and there is no doubt that some of them live committing crimes and inducing their children to beg. Although the Roma like everyone else are accountable for their actions other factors have concurred to shape this situation. This article analyses the effectiveness and the outcome reached by the different policy measures towards Roma people adopted by the Italian Government since the spring of 2008.
Handling the terrorism globally
Terrorism is a global threat. It can affect anyone anywhere at any time. Countering terrorism requires global coordination and global solutions. It is for this reason that Member States brought terrorism to the agenda of the United Nations more than three decades ago. The terrorist attacks of September 11th brought a new sense of urgency to the work already underway. Within weeks the Security Council adopted a comprehensive resolution which outlined a wide-range of counterterrorism measures to be taken by all Member States. These were legally binding for all states under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter. The United Nations system in turn augmented its operational support to Member States in order to assist them in meeting these new commitments.
Managing the post-conflict
The reconstruction of post-conflict societies requires the creation of national institutions responsible for justice security economic and social development.
The security governance approach
Managing today’s volatile and uncertain international security environment has become an increasingly important and complicated challenge. This new and radically different international security environment means that in addition to traditional threats to States there are new and more insidious ones brought by non-State actors that pose real dangers to an increasingly interlinked and interdependent society. National governments and international organisations are urgently examining the significance of this new situation. They recognise that no State can stand alone to face these challenges. What is required are collective strategies collective institutions and a collective responsibility. Of equal importance security now directly involves a broad cross-section of civil society the private sector economic development and human freedom.
Industry opportunities
Today’s geopolitical climate and incertitude made more complicated by the recent economic global crisis can only be tackled with a common policy and shared response.
Mumbai. A lesson to learn from
Last November a group of extremists attacked the historic Taj Mahal hotel located downtown in one of the most symbolic Indian city Mumbai. The final official count put death toll at 171 bodies: a level of carnage that again raises questions surrounding the necessity of facing these kinds of threats and whether it is concretely possible to prevent such random killings in our cities.
Infocus: The companion to international humanitarian law. A practical approach to the dissemination of International Humanitarian Law
A business worth 50 million dollars
Nur is a common name but it is just as likely that it is not his real name; he has been living for some time on the coast of Kenya near Lamu one of the last standing examples of Islamic architecture not far from the Somali border. He is a little over forty years old he speaks broken English and is constantly chewing on “khat” leaves from a plant that grows in some areas of Kenya and Ethiopia which cause a mild state of euphoria and are commonly used in Somalia. Although he was initially diffident and almost scared of my questions he overcame his hesitation in front of a few banknotes and accepted my invitation to tell his story and his experience as a pirate.
Lived-experience-and-strengths-based strategies for persons with mental illness who offended and their family members
This essay describes lived-experience based strategies for persons with mental illness who offended (PMIO) and their families. These recommendations are derived from the results of a multidisciplinary research project which aimed to develop multidisciplinary strengths-based strategies for PMIO and their families. These recommendations can inspire a broad range of practitioners and policy makers from the criminal justice system as well as the mental health systems working with PMIO and their family.
Somalia at a glance
Somalia became independent in the 1960s when the two protectorates Great Britain’s in the South and Italy’s in the North were unified. A military coup headed by Mohamed Siad Barre in 1969 brought the country into a military regime that very soon shifted into an authoritarian rule which somehow managed to generate a certain degree of balance. After having experienced such ‘stability’ the country precipitated into a civil chaos in 1991 after Siad Barre was overthrown by opposing clans. Since then Somalia whose territory occupies a strategic and crucial position in the Horn of Africa has been living in full anarchy. Shortly after Barre’s capitulation the northern region of Somalia self-declared the independent Republic of Somaliland a country never recognized by other states which however has been preserving a stable existence: the Republic includes today eight administrative districts and it keeps its effort to guarantee democratic representation holding elections at all levels local and parliamentary.
Youth engagement and resilience against violent extremism in the Sahel
On the sidelines of the 74th session of UNGA on 24 September 2019 UNICRI the International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT) and the Global Center on Cooperative Security (the Global Centre) - in collaboration with the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Permanent Mission of Senegal to the United Nations - organised a panel on the critical role that youth play across the Sahel in preventing and countering violent extremism.
Dirty collar crime in Naples
It is true that “green criminology” should be grounded in the principles of environmental justice and help with the production of relevant legislative tools for the defence of the earth. However there are conducts which violate even the limited and inconsistent existing norms. A variety of such conducts can be detected in the “rubbish crisis” experienced in Naples two years ago.
Giant African pouched rats find landmines and much more
Landmines have been used as weapons of war since 1277 when the Song Dynasty Chinese used them against Mongols who were besieging a city. Concerted efforts to put an end to their use are underway galvanized by humanitarians such as Jody Williams and Rae McGrath who won a Nobel Peace Prize in 1997 for founding The International Campaign to Ban Landmines. Despite these efforts landmines continue to be placed adding onto the many remaining from the millions that have been planted since 1900. They cause great harm by denying civilians access to their homes and land as well as by causing bodily harm death and psychological duress. According to a recent report1 people in more than 70 countries are adversely affected by mined areas and nearly 500000 people live with injuries inflicted by mines. Many victims are both severely handicapped and unable to afford the rehabilitation and the other services that they need.
Ideas: Education for migrants: An inalienable human right
The right to education is often taken for granted – until it is taken away. An indispensable tool to protect the freedom and dignity of all migrants education allows them to fully integrate into their new societies. This legitimate aspiration however faces obstacles on the ground.
Education: The essential foundation for human rights
“Education for freedom does not mean as it has frequently been thought to mean a laissez-faire programme of content or of methods of instruction but the intelligent recognition of responsibility and duty” wrote the American educator Isaac L. Kandel (1881-1965) in his article “Education and Human Rights” sent to UNESCO in 1947. Excerpts follow.
Trafficking in persons. A short history
Slavery has a history dating back thousands of years. It existed in prehistoric hunting societies and has persisted throughout the history of the mankind as a universal institution. Even though slaves have always been subject to physical and sexual exploitation the discussion of human trafficking from the point of view of exploitation has a much shorter history.
A legal response to today’s reality: Economic crimes as crimes against humanity
“…Those who use weapons and resources and violate human rights are as guilty as those who collaborate in business with them. Both groups should face tangible sanctions investigations and criminal trials.”
Restorative justice. Restoring victims and communities
What do the following news stories have in common? The Bernard Madoff Ponzi scheme responsible for the biggest corporate securities fraud in history the Austrian rape and murder case of Josef Fritzi whose daughter was enslaved for 24 years and the Irish Republican Army shooting two British soldiers and injuring four others in March 2009 breaking the peace outside Belfast? The answer is that we will probably never know what steps have been taken to provide a form of reparation to the victims or their families in ways that allow them to live their lives in peace. Victims-driven restorative justice is happening all around the globe. It is challenging the traditional criminal justice system by providing a new vision for systemic justice reform. The crime victims and those who recognize their unmet needs are the ones who are increasingly leading the effort to make this transition. However despite thorough evidence and numerous restorative justice evaluations the victims’ appeals for restoration are rarely heard.
The process to radicalization and violentization
During these last years some countries around the world have been attacked by terrorists’ violence and the number of citizens who choose to become foreign fighters has increased.
Coronavirus: In Timbuktu youth is at the forefront of raising awareness against COVID-19
In its efforts to raise awareness against the coronavirus the association “The voice of the students of Timbuktu” has just trained around thirty young people in respect of measures to stop the contagion. The training can be recognized as a means to strengthen the prevention of COVID-19 in Timbuktu where nothing seems to worry the population.