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28th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
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From November 30 to December 12, 2023, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) will host the 28th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Dubai.

COP28 will be a milestone moment for global climate action. The COP28 Presidency’s two-week thematic program is geared towards responding to the Global Stocktake and closing the gaps to 2030. The Presidency has taken an inclusive approach to developing the thematic program.

The program reflects the sectors and topics raised by stakeholders during consultations, including new actions areas like health, trade, relief, recovery, and peace. The thematic days programming also incorporates four cross-cutting themes that underpin effective, interconnected delivery: Technology & Innovation, Inclusion, Frontline Communities and Finance.

Collection Contents

10 results
    • Making Trade Work for Climate Change Mitigation

      Making Trade Work for Climate Change Mitigation

      The Case of Technical Regulations

      International trade and climate change law are two distinct realms that inevitably and increasingly interact with each other. Climate change law instruments - in particular, the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement - constitute the legal framework within which States set emissions reduction targets and adopt climate mitigation measures to achieve the global target of limiting the increase in global average temperatures to “well below” 2°C. This legal framework leaves countries free to decide which measures they employ to achieve their targets. However, international trade law - and, in particular, the rules and principles of the WTO - determines when and how States can adopt a measure that potentially impacts international trade, even if such a measure is primarily aimed at tackling climate change. This publication provides an analysis of the most relevant and most used trade related measures in the context of climate change mitigation strategies, assesses the challenge of increasing their compatibility with international trade law, and discusses the effectiveness, feasibility and equity of these measures, focusing in particular on developing countries.

    • Building Resilient Energy Systems

      Building Resilient Energy Systems

      Achieving Greater Energy Security, Affordability and Net-Zero in the UNECE Region

      The ECE Region is at a crossroads and the time is NOW for Member States to put in place policies to drive action that will build a resilient energy system that acknowledges the need for affordable access to energy for quality of life and economic growth, minimizes the environmental impact of the system to create sustainability and meet carbon emission goals, while securing the supply necessary to support society’s needs. The Expert Groups under the UNECE’s Committee for Sustainable Energy (CSE) have collaborated to produce a technical roadmap to balance competing priorities in recognition of today’s very real climate, security, and affordability challenges. It respects Member States’ rights to make decisions that meet their own priorities and as such does not prescribe the specific path forward but lays out the technical considerations that are in critical need of balance at this point in time.

    • World Investment Report 2023

      World Investment Report 2023

      Investing in Sustainable Energy for All

      The World Investment Report 2023 provides the latest trends and prospects for foreign direct investment. It documents a challenging year for cross-border investment flows, looking at greenfield investment in industry, project finance in infrastructure, and international production activities of the largest multinationals. Dedicated sections provide data on international investment in the SDGs and in sustainable energy. The Report further reviews recent policy developments, including trends in national investment policy measures and international investment agreements. It presents an overview of investment policy measures aimed at supporting the energy transition. The Report also documents sustainability trends in global capital markets, including sustainability-linked financial products, sustainable stock exchanges, institutional investor commitments and financial regulations – all with a special focus on the mobilization of funds for the energy transition. Finally, the theme chapter of the Report discusses ways and means to increase international private sector investment – in particular foreign direct investment and international project finance – in the energy sector in developing countries, taking into account both the energy transition imperative and SDG7 on affordable and reliable access to energy for all.

    • State of the Global Climate 2022

      State of the Global Climate 2022

      The years 2015 to 2022 were the eight warmest in the 173-year instrumental record. Concentrations of the three main greenhouse gases – carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide – reached record highs in 2021, the latest year for which consolidated global values are available (1984–2021). The annual increase in methane concentration from 2020 to 2021 was the highest on record. Real-time data from specific locations show that levels of the three greenhouse gases continued to increase in 2022. This report shows that, once again, greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere continue to reach record levels – contributing to warming of the land and ocean, melting of ice sheets and glaciers, rising sea levels, and warming and acidifying of oceans. There are major gaps in the weather and climate observing networks, especially in the least developed countries (LDCs) and small island developing States (SIDS), which is an obstacle for climate baseline monitoring, especially at regional and national scales, and for the provision of early warning and adequate climate services. The United Nations Early Warnings for All Initiative, spearheaded by WMO, aims to fill the existing capacity gap to ensure that every person on Earth is covered by early warning services. Achieving this ambitious task requires sound observations and regular updates on key climate indicators, as provided in this report.

    • The Race to Net Zero

      The Race to Net Zero

      Accelerating Climate Action in Asia and the Pacific

      The race to net zero focuses on three key sectors from which greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced and how this can be done. It considers how the energy sector can end its dependency on coal and phase out other fossil fuels; how to support low-carbon mobility and logistics; and how international trade and investment can help accelerate the transition of the region’s industries to a low-carbon future. Concrete proposals are made as to how these major shifts can be financed and how better to measure challenges and progress. The proposals are grounded in regional cooperation. The present report presents recommendations on building regional frameworks or partnerships on green power corridor, low-carbon transport, and a low-carbon and climate-smart transition, and collaborating on policies for climate-smart trade and investment, climate finance and monitoring.

    • One Atmosphere: An Independent Expert Review on Solar Radiation Modification Research and Deployment

      One Atmosphere: An Independent Expert Review on Solar Radiation Modification Research and Deployment

      We have ‘One Atmosphere’. Everyone is a stakeholder. Since the beginning of the industrial era, carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) have been accumulating in the atmosphere due to fossil fuel burning and changes in land use such as deforestation. As a result, anthropogenic climate change is now affecting every region across the globe. The consequences of continued GHG emissions will be severe and long-lasting, including exceedance of temperature targets; increases in the frequency, intensity and persistence of extreme weather and climate events; reductions in sea and land ice, snow cover and permafrost; and sea level rise. Through the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and other processes, the international community has been working to reduce GHG emissions. However, action and current commitments are not yet sufficient to meet the Paris Agreement’s temperature goals. This situation has led to increased interest in understanding whether an operational large-scale Solar Radiation Modification (SRM, or sometimes called ‘solar geoengineering’) deployment might be able to help protect humans and the ecosystems upon which humanity depends.

    • Energy Statistics Pocketbook 2023

      Energy Statistics Pocketbook 2023

      This publication is the sixth in a series of pocketbook compilations on energy statistics designed to highlight the availability of data on various aspects of energy production, transformation and use and its linkages to other key statistics. Energy is central to the achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement on climate change, and sound energy statistics are the basis for the reliable measurement of progress, thereby assisting the formulation of policy measures to achieve international and national sustainable development goals.

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