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CEPAL Review - Volume 2000, Issue 71, 2000
Volume 2000, Issue 71, 2000
Cepal Review is the leading journal for the study of economic and social development issues in Latin America and the Caribbean. Edited by the Economic Commission for Latin America, each issue focuses on economic trends, industrialization, income distribution, technological development and monetary systems, as well as the implementation of reforms and transfer of technology. Written in English and Spanish (Revista De La Cepal), each tri-annual issue brings you approximately 12 studies and essays undertaken by authoritative experts or gathered from conference proceedings.
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The role of the State and the quality of the public sector
More LessAuthor: Vito TanziThe author of this article concludes that the quality of the public sector can be assessed only against the role of the State. In general, an efficient public sector should be able to achieve the State’s objectives with the minimum degree of distortion of the market, with the lowest burden of taxation on taxpayers, with the smallest number of public employees, and with the lowest absorption of economic resources by the publi Read More
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The effects of growth and economic reform on income distribution in Latin America
More LessAuthor: Neena KhannaThe purpose of this article is to investigate the determinants of the distribution of income in Latin America, focusing in particular on two questions: one is the relationship between the distribution and income, while the other is the impact of the package of structural economic reforms that have been adopted in Latin America in recent years. Two main conclusions are drawn from the econometric evidence. There appears to be a Read More
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Education and income distribution in urban Brazil, 1976-1996
More LessAuthors: Francisco H.G. Ferreira and Ricardo Paes de BarrosDespite tremendous macroeconomic instability, Brazil’s urban income distributions in 1976 and 1996 appear, at first glance, deceptively similar. Mean household income per capita was stagnant, with a minute accumulated growth of 4.3% over the two decades. The Gini coefficient hovered just above 0.59 in both years, and the incidence of poverty (with respect to a poverty line of R$60/month at 1996 prices) was effectively Read More
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Structural changes and productivity in Latin American industry, 1970-1996
More LessAuthor: Jorge KatzThis article analyses the structural changes in Latin American industry, which speeded up in the 1990s with the consolidation in the region of the external openness programmes, the deregulation of many markets, and the privatization of major sectors of industrial activity which had previously been dominated by State enterprises. The branches of manufacturing which have turned in the best relative performances over the last Read More
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Creating capabilities in local environments and production networks
More LessAuthor: Gabriel YoguelIn the new international setting, which is characterized by new technologies that make intensive use of information, globalization of markets, and the increased competitive pressures and uncertainty facing the agents, competitiveness is a systemic phenomenon. The endogenous capabilities of the agents, the degree of development of the environment they operate in and their integration in a production network have become k Read More
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The potential for hub ports on the Pacific coast of South America
More LessAuthor: Jan HoffmannThe external trade of a country is closely linked with its geographical location, with the transport services that cover the distance to markets, and the ports through which that trade passes. Recent advances in maritime transport, the growing international economic integration, and the privatization of ports in the countries on the Pacific coast of South America have given rise to expectations that ports could be develope Read More
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The tax regime for micro-enterprises in Cuba
More LessAuthor: Archibald R. M. RitterThe government of Cuba established a tax regime for micro-enterprises as soon as it legalized the sector in 1993. It was designed to function in a difficult context in which a tax-paying culture did not exist, in which widespread noncompliance was feared, and in which some micro-entrepreneurs’ incomes were high. The tax regime included advance monthly lump-sum payments, a 10% maximum amount of total re Read More
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Employment and labour markets in the Dominican Republic
More LessAuthor: José R. Sánchez-FungThis article reviews the literature on employment, wages and the labour markets in the Dominican Republic. Although this will primarily be of interest to economists, it may also be useful to social scientists in general and to those responsible for formulating policies affecting the functioning of the labour market at both the national and the Latin American regional level. The study begins by presenting the main sources of stati Read More
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